- Map is an interface for a key-value map
- HashMap is a Map that uses a hash table for its implementation
- Hashtable is a synchronized version of HashMap
- TreeMap uses a tree to implement a map
- ConcurrentHashMap allows for multiple threads to access it at the same time safely
- LinkedHashMap preserves the iteration order that things were inserted in (others don’t provide a fixed iteration order)
A deeper discussion of the differences can be found in Advanced Java Programming.
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